Ngokwencazelo yezinga likazwelonke le-GB 19092-2009, izingubo zokuzivikela zezokwelapha ziyizingubo zochwepheshe ezidizayinelwe ukunikeza umgoqo nesivikelo kubasebenzi bezokwelapha lapho bethintana negazi leziguli ezingatheleleka, uketshezi lomzimba, uketshezi nezinhlayiya ezihamba emoyeni emsebenzini. Kungashiwo ukuthi "umsebenzi wesithiyo" uyisihluthulelo senkomba yenkomba yezingubo zokuzivikela zezokwelapha, njengokunqanda ukungena, ukungena kwegazi okulwa ne-synthetic, ukumelana nomswakama ongaphezulu, umphumela wokuhlunga (umgoqo wezinhlayiya ezingenawo amafutha), njll.
Inkomba engavamile kancane wukungena komswakama, isilinganiso sekhono lempahla lokungena emhwamukeni wamanzi. Ngamagama alula, kuwukuhlola ikhono lezingubo zokuvikela ukuhlakaza umhwamuko womjuluko ovela emzimbeni womuntu. Umswakama ophezulu wezingubo zokuzivikela, izinkinga zokuphefumula nokujuluka zingancishiswa kakhulu, okuvumela kakhulu ukugqokwa okukhululekile kwabasebenzi bezokwelapha.
Ukumelana okukodwa, okumbalwa okukodwa, kusuka ezingeni elithile, kuyaphikisana. Ukuthuthukiswa kwekhono lokuvimbela impahla yokuzivikela ngokuvamile kudela ingxenye yekhono lokungena, ukuze kuzuzwe ukuhlanganiswa kokubili, okungenye yezinjongo zocwaningo nentuthuko yebhizinisi lamanje, kanye nenhloso yokuqala yezinga likazwelonke. I-GB 19082-2009. Ngakho-ke, esimweni esijwayelekile, ukuvuthwa komswakama wempahla yokuzivikela elahlayo yezokwelapha kucacisiwe: hhayi ngaphansi kuka-2500g / (m2 · 24h), futhi indlela yokuhlola inikezwa.
Ukukhethwa kwezimo zokuhlola umswakama wokungena kwezingubo zokuvikela zezokwelapha
Ngokusho kokuhlangenwe nakho kokuhlolwa kombhali kanye nemiphumela yocwaningo lwezincwadi ezihlobene, ukuvuthwa komswakama kwezindwangu eziningi ngokuyisisekelo kuyanda ngokwanda kwezinga lokushisa; Uma izinga lokushisa lihlala njalo, umswakama womswakama wendwangu uyancipha ngokunyuka komswakama ohlobene. Ngakho-ke, ukungena komswakama kwesampula ngaphansi kwesimo esisodwa sokuhlola akumeleli ukungenwa komswakama okukalwa ngaphansi kwezinye izimo zokuhlola!
Izidingo zobuchwepheshe zezingubo zokuvikela zezokwelapha GB 19082-2009 Nakuba izimfuneko zenkomba zokungena komswakama wezimpahla zokuvikela ezilahlwayo zicacisiwe, izimo zokuhlola azicacisiwe. Umbhali uphinde wabhekisela endleleni yokuhlola ejwayelekile ye-GB/T 12704.1, ehlinzeka ngezimo ezintathu zokuhlola: A, 38℃, 90%RH; B, 23℃, 50%RH; C, 20℃, 65%RH. Izinga liphakamisa ukuthi izimo zokuhlola zeqembu A kufanele zincanywe, ezinomswakama ophakeme ohlobene nezinga lokungena ngokushesha futhi ezifanele izifundo zokuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri. Uma kucatshangelwa indawo yangempela yokusetshenziswa kwezingubo zokuzivikela, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi amabhizinisi anekhono angangeza isethi yokuhlola ngaphansi kwezimo zokuhlola ezingu-38℃ nezingu-50% RH, ukuze kuhlolwe ukufinyeleleka komswakamo kwezinto zokuvikela izingubo ngokuqonda kakhudlwana.
Kuyini ukuvuthwa komswakama kwezingubo zamanje zokuzivikela
Ngokusho kokuhlangenwe nakho kokuhlolwa nezincwadi ezifanele ezitholakalayo, ukungenwa komswakama wezimpahla zokuvikela zezokwelapha zezinto ezisetshenziswayo nezakhiwo cishe ku-500g/ (m2 · 24h) noma 7000g/ (m2·24h), ikakhulukazi ku-1000 g/ (m2· 24h) kuya ku-3000g/ (m2·24h). Njengamanje, ngenkathi sandisa amandla okukhiqiza ukuze kubhekwane nokushoda kwezingubo zokuvikela ezempilo nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo, izikhungo zocwaningo lwesayensi ezingochwepheshe kanye namabhizinisi baye bahlanganisa izingubo zabasebenzi bezokwelapha ukuze bathole ukunethezeka. Isibonelo, ubuchwepheshe bokulawula izinga lokushisa nomswakama wezingubo zokuzivikela ezakhiwe yi-Huazhong University of Science and Technology bamukela ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha ukujikeleza komoya ngaphakathi kwezingubo zokuzivikela ukuze kuncishiswe umswakama futhi kulungiswe izinga lokushisa, ukuze kugcinwe izingubo zokuzivikela zomile futhi kuthuthukiswe ukunethezeka. abasebenzi bezokwelapha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-03-2022
